Roeder took the Frenchman to Newcastle on transfer deadline day two years ago and has now secured his services at Carrow Road until January 18.
The 34-year-old has also played for Manchester City as well as Lille, Auxerre, Nantes and Lens in his homeland.
Roeder: "I'm delighted to have secured the signing of Antoine.
"This is the second time I have signed Antoine, the first was on deadline day in 2006 when along with Sol Campbell, who joined Portsmouth from Arsenal, he was widely regarded as one of the best free transfers of the season.
"He has scored lots of goals, many with his head and will be a great role model for our younger players to work with."